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- Recognize shockPale/grey/cold skin, rapid weak pulse, fast shallow breathing, confusion, sweating.
- Keep lying downFlat, or in the position the person finds comfortable. Don't routinely raise the legs. Loosen tight clothing.
- Keep warmCover with a blanket or jacket. Protect from cold, but don't overheat.
- WarningNothing to eat or drinkEven if thirsty: no fluids. Surgery may be needed.
- Call 112 — stay with themStay with the person and watch breathing and consciousness. Not breathing (normally): start CPR.
Checked in October 2026 against the guidelines of the Red Cross, the Dutch Resuscitation Council (2025), the European Resuscitation Council, the Dutch public health institute RIVM and the NHS. This does not replace a first-aid course. If a life is in danger: call 112 straight away.
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