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- Recognize the signsHeadache, confusion, nausea, dizziness, blurred vision, memory problems just after the blow.
- Stop all activityTake the person off the pitch or out of the activity right away. Rest.
- First 24 hoursSleeping is fine, no need to wake them. Don't leave the person alone and watch for increasing drowsiness, vomiting or confusion.
- See a doctor or ER ifThe person was knocked out (even briefly), vomits, gets confused or drowsier, has a worsening headache, has blood or fluid from the nose or ear, or takes blood thinners.
- WarningCall 112 forHard to wake, unequal pupils, seizures, drooping face, paralysis or speech problems.
- Pain reliefUse paracetamol. No ibuprofen, naproxen or aspirin in the first 48 hours.
Checked in October 2026 against the guidelines of the Red Cross, the Dutch Resuscitation Council (2025), the European Resuscitation Council, the Dutch public health institute RIVM and the NHS. This does not replace a first-aid course. If a life is in danger: call 112 straight away.
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